What Is Rigor Mortis? A Simple Guide to What Happens After Death
Rigor mortis is the natural stiffening of the muscles that happens shortly after death. It occurs as the body begins to shut down and can affect how the person looks or feels. While the changes may seem strange or even unsettling, they are completely normal and expected.
Understanding rigor mortis can help you feel more prepared when someone dies—especially if you plan to care for them at home after death.
When Does Rigor Mortis Happen?
Rigor mortis usually begins 2 to 6 hours after death. It often starts in the small muscles, such as those in the face, jaw, and hands, and then spreads to larger muscle groups. You might notice that the person’s arms, legs, or neck feel stiff or hard to move.
By around 12 hours after death, the stiffness reaches its peak.
How Long Does It Last?
Rigor mortis typically lasts for 24 to 48 hours. After that, the muscles gradually relax again as the body continues its natural post-death changes. The stiffening will ease on its own and does not need medical treatment.
What Causes Rigor Mortis?
Rigor mortis happens when:
- The body stops producing energy after death
- Without energy, muscles lock in place
- This leads to temporary stiffness throughout the body
The process is completely natural and does not cause pain. The person has already died and will not feel anything during or after this process.
What You Might See or Feel
When rigor mortis begins, you may notice:
- Stiff limbs that are harder to move
- Tension in the jaw, making it difficult to close the mouth
- Stillness in the face, with fixed expressions
- A cooling of the body, which is also part of the natural process
If you’re with someone when they die, it’s helpful to gently position the body within the first hour or two, before rigor mortis sets in. Healthcare professionals and carers often do this as part of respectful after-death care.
Do You Need to Do Anything?
Rigor mortis does not require treatment and is not a medical emergency. You don’t need to worry or act urgently. Professionals will guide you through the next steps and handle the care of the body with dignity.
Why Knowing This Can Help
Many people feel anxious about what happens to the body after death. By understanding rigor mortis, you can reduce fear and focus on supporting yourself or others during the grieving process. You don’t need to feel alarmed—this is simply part of how the body changes after life ends.